Do Brand-New Appliances Really Need PAT Testing?

The standard advice you'll hear is: no, new appliances don't need PAT testing. And that advice is broadly correct — but it's also missing some important nuance.

New equipment supplied in safe condition normally needs a simple visual check for damage rather than routine instrument testing. Damage, modification or uncertainty about its history can justify further assessment. This guide explains those distinctions using HSE guidance.

What the HSE and IET actually say

The HSE's position on new equipment is contained in its guidance document HSG107 and aligns with the IET Code of Practice. The relevant principles are:

1. New equipment is supplied by the manufacturer in a condition that's been quality-tested before despatch — the assumption is that it's safe when it leaves the factory.
2. Before first use, check new equipment for visible transit damage, missing parts or other obvious concerns. Investigate any problem before putting it into use.
3. New equipment supplied in safe condition normally needs a simple visual check for damage rather than routine instrument testing. Enter it into the appropriate maintenance system and assess any damage, modification or other concern before use.

In practical terms: take the appliance out of the box, look it over carefully (plug, cable, casing, accessories), record it on your asset register, and put it into service. The full electrical test happens at the next scheduled testing round.

When further assessment may be needed

The "in service from new" approach

Record new equipment in the inventory where useful, check its condition and decide when the next maintenance activity is needed from its actual risk. There is no automatic 12-, 24- or 48-month start date that applies to every new product.

Second-hand equipment

Establish the condition, history and suitability of second-hand equipment before use. A competent person can decide what inspection and testing is needed. Unknown history is a reason for assessment, not a reason to assume a universal test procedure.

The normal starting point is a simple visual check for new equipment supplied in safe condition. Damage, modification, an uncertain history or specialist commissioning requirements can justify further competent assessment.

• Do not put visibly damaged equipment into use merely because it is new. Return it to the supplier or arrange competent assessment.
• After a repair, modification or plug replacement, the checks needed depend on the work and equipment.
• Treat refurbished, used or uncertain-history equipment according to its actual condition rather than its marketing description.
• Medical, hazardous-area and other specialist equipment needs the relevant specialist procedure.

HSE’s guidance on new equipment does not require every new appliance to have a full PAT test.

Frequently asked questions

Do new appliances need PAT testing before first use?

New equipment supplied in safe condition normally does not need routine instrument testing. Make a simple visual check for damage and enter it into the appropriate maintenance system. Assess any defect, modification or uncertainty before use.

Do new electrical items need to be PAT tested?

New equipment supplied in safe condition normally needs a simple visual check for damage rather than routine instrument testing. Enter it into the appropriate maintenance system and assess any damage, modification or other concern before use.

How long after buying a new appliance does PAT testing apply?

Set the first formal inspection or test from the equipment’s risk, manufacturer information and applicable requirements. There is no universal interval based only on purchase date.

Should second-hand appliances be PAT tested before use?

They need a suitable assessment before use. The inspection and any instrument tests depend on the equipment, condition and history. Take damaged or uncertain equipment out of use until it has been assessed.

Is PAT testing required on appliances that come with a CE or UKCA mark?

A conformity marking does not replace ongoing maintenance. Check new equipment for visible damage, follow the manufacturer’s instructions and set subsequent inspection or testing from its actual risk and applicable requirements. There is no single standard test interval for every marked appliance.

The practical position

New equipment supplied in safe condition normally needs a simple visual check for damage rather than routine instrument testing. Enter it into the appropriate maintenance system and assess any damage, modification or other concern before use.

A PAT course can help develop inspection and testing skills. Competence also depends on practical ability, experience, the equipment involved and understanding the results. Successful learners on our classroom course receive a Skills Training Group certificate within one working day. Check the course scope and arrange additional training or specialist assistance for work outside it. See the course details and available locations.

Compare the options using the actual equipment, scope, staff time, contractor quotes and ongoing costs. Savings depend on the circumstances and are not guaranteed.